Molecular and genetic ecotoxicologic approaches to aquatic environmental bioreporting.

Molecular and genetic ecotoxicologic approaches to aquatic environmental bioreporting.

Molecular and population genetic ecotoxicologic approaches are being developed for the utilization of arthropods as bioreporters of heavy metal mixtures in the environment. The explosion of knowledge in molecular biology, molecular genetics, and biotechnology provides an unparalleled opportunity to use arthropods as bioreporter organisms. Interspecific differences in aquatic arthropod populatio...

Ecotoxicogenomic Approaches for Understanding Molecular Mechanisms of Environmental Chemical Toxicity Using Aquatic Invertebrate, Daphnia Model Organism

Due to the rapid advent in genomics technologies and attention to ecological risk assessment, the term "ecotoxicogenomics" has recently emerged to describe integration of omics studies (i.e., transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and epigenomics) into ecotoxicological fields. Ecotoxicogenomics is defined as study of an entire set of genes or proteins expression in ecological organisms to p...

Modern molecular genetic approaches to psychiatric disease.

Major advances in molecular genetics over the last 15 years have made it possible to identify the genes responsible for human diseases using purely genetic approaches that do not require knowledge about disease pathophysiology. Many successes have been achieved for single gene disorders and methods are being adapted and refined for complex diseases. The main strategies include linkage and assoc...

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Sleep Quality: Quantitative and Molecular Genetic Approaches to an Understanding of Individual Differences

PHOTOPROTECTION REVISITED: Genetic and Molecular Approaches.

The involvement of excited and highly reactive intermediates in oxygenic photosynthesis poses unique problems for algae and plants in terms of potential oxidative damage to the photosynthetic apparatus. Photoprotective processes prevent or minimize generation of oxidizing molecules, scavenge reactive oxygen species efficiently, and repair damage that inevitably occurs. This review summarizes se...